A 2004 U.S. telephone survey found that
96% of the households surveyed had at least one smoke alarm.
Roughly half of home fire deaths result from fires in the small percentage
of homes with no smoke alarms.
Homes with smoke alarms (whether or not they are operational) typically
have a death rate that is 40-50% less than the rate for homes without
alarms.
In one-quarter of the reported fires in homes equipped with smoke
alarms, the devices did not work. Households with non-working smoke
alarms now outnumber those with no smoke alarms.
Why do smoke alarms fail? Most often because of missing, disconnected
or dead batteries.
Source: NFPA's "U.S. Experience with Smoke Alarms and Other Fire
Detection/Alarm Equipment."
Installation and maintenance tips
Install smoke alarms on every level of your home, including the basement,
making sure that there
is an alarm outside every separate sleeping
area. New homes are required to have a smoke alarm in
every sleeping
room and all smoke alarms must be interconnected
If you, or someone in your home is deaf or hard of hearing, consider
installing
an alarm
that combines flashing lights, vibration and/or
sound.
Mount smoke alarms high on walls or ceilings (remember, smoke rises).
Ceiling mounted alarms should be installed at least four inches away
from the nearest wall; wall-mounted alarms should be installed four
to 12 inches away from the ceiling. If you have ceilings that are pitched, install the alarm near the
ceiling's highest point.
Don't install smoke alarms near windows, doors, or ducts where drafts
might interfere with their operation.
Never paint smoke alarms. Paint,
stickers, or other decorations could keep the alarms from working.
A life-saving test: check your smoke alarms
regularly
Test your smoke alarms once a month, following the manufacturer's
instructions.
Replace the batteries in your smoke alarm twice a year, or as soon
as the alarm "chirps" warning that the battery is low. Hint:
schedule battery replacements for the same day you change your clocks
for daylight savings time.
Regularly vacuuming or dusting your smoke alarms,
following the manufacturer's
instructions,
can keep them working properly.
Smoke alarms don't last forever. Replace
yours once every 10 years.
If you can't remember
how old
the alarm is, then it's probably time for a new.
Plan regular fire drills to ensure that everyone knows exactly what
to do when the smoke alarm sounds.
Hold a
drill at night to make sure that sleeping family members awaken at
the sound of the alarm.
Some studies have shown that some children
may not awaken to the sound of the smoke alarm.
Know what your child
will do before a fire occurs.
If you are building a new home or remodeling your existing home,
consider installing an automatic
home fire sprinkler system. Sprinklers
and smoke alarms together cut your risk of dying in a home
fire 82
percent relative to having neither a savings of thousands of
lives a year.
" Two-fifths of reported home fires occur in the small number
of homes with no smoke alarms. As of 2004, 24 of every 25 (96%) US
homes with telephones had at least one smoke alarm. However, four
of every ten home fires reported to US fire departments still occurred
in the now small share of homes without these devices. In one-quarter
of reported fires in smoke alarm-equipped homes, the devices didn't
work.
" Smoke alarm failures usually
result from missing, disconnected, or dead batteries. When smoke alarms
don't work, it is usually because the batteries are missing, disconnected
or dead. People are most likely to remove or disconnect batteries
because of nuisance activations. Smoke alarms should be tested every
month to ensure the batteries and the units themselves are still working.
Replaceable batteries should be replaced in accordance with the manufacturer's
instructions, at least once every year.
Source: NFPA's US Experience With Smoke Alarms and Other Fire Detection/Alarm
Equipment report and national estimates reported to US municipal fire
departments based on NFIRS and NFPA survey